Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer, arising from the lining of the renal tubules. It is often diagnosed in advanced stages due to vague symptoms.
Characteristics and Symptoms:
- Hematuria: Blood in the urine, often the first noticeable symptom.
- Flank Pain: Dull pain in the side or back.
- Palpable Mass: A lump may be felt in the abdomen or flank.
- Unexplained Weight Loss: Significant weight loss without effort.
- Fatigue: General feelings of tiredness and lack of energy.
Diagnosis:
- Imaging Studies: CT scans or MRIs to visualize the kidneys and detect tumors.
- Urinalysis: Testing for blood or cancer cells in the urine.
- Biopsy: A tissue sample may be obtained for histological examination to confirm cancer diagnosis.
Treatment Options:
- Surgery: Partial or radical nephrectomy to remove the affected kidney.
- Targeted Therapy: Medications that target specific pathways involved in cancer growth.
- Immunotherapy: Boosting the immune system to fight cancer cells.
- Radiation Therapy: Used primarily for palliative care in advanced cases.
