Hydronephrosis is the swelling of a kidney due to a buildup of urine, often caused by a blockage or obstruction in the urinary tract. It can affect one or both kidneys.
Characteristics and Symptoms:
- Flank Pain: Dull pain in the back or side.
- Nausea and Vomiting: Due to kidney distention.
- Frequent Urination: Increased urge to urinate or difficulty urinating.
- Urinary Tract Infections: Increased susceptibility to infections.
Diagnosis:
- Imaging Studies: Ultrasound or CT scans to visualize kidney swelling and detect obstructions.
- Urinalysis: Testing for signs of infection or blood in the urine.
- Blood Tests: Assessing kidney function and electrolyte levels.
Treatment Options:
- Relieving Obstruction: Insertion of a ureteral stent or nephrostomy tube to drain urine.
- Treating Underlying Causes: Surgical intervention to remove stones or tumors causing obstruction.
- Monitoring: Regular follow-up to assess kidney function and recovery.
